SQL Server使用UNPIVOT将列转换为行
在实际类型的方案中使用UNPIVOT函数的SQL Server。
摆脱案例的情况
我们从事的许多项目都涉及到处理表中存储的数据（每年存储1到12个月）。这不是一个不常见的解决方案，但是会导致SQL语句因数十个CASE语句而变得肿。
这些CASE语句使维护变得更困难，也可能导致人为错误。
下面，我们根据实际示例创建了一个简单的数据集，并且SQL Server具有将列转换为行的功能。
| UnPivID | UnPivYear | M1 | M2 | M3 | M4 | M5 | M6 | M7 | M8 | M9 | M10 | M11 | M12 |
| 1 | 2010 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 1 | 2011 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 1 | 2012 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 2 | 2010 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
摆脱案例的情况
如果您在SQL Server 2012下运行，则需要创建此函数，该函数等效于2012年以来内置的DATEFROMPARTS函数。
摆脱案例的情况
接下来，我们可以创建一个临时表，并使用上面的示例数据填充它。
SQL
DECLARE @UnPiv TABLE (UnPivID INT, UnPivYear SMALLINT, M1 INT, M2 INT, M3 INT, M4 INT, M5 INT, M6 INT, M7 INT, M8 INT, M9 INT, M10 INT, M11 INT, M12 INT)INSERT INTO @UnPiv(UnPivID,UnPivYear,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,M6,M7,M8,M9,M10,M11,M12)SELECT 1,2010,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12INSERT INTO @UnPiv(UnPivID,UnPivYear,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,M6,M7,M8,M9,M10,M11,M12)SELECT 1,2011,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12INSERT INTO @UnPiv(UnPivID,UnPivYear,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,M6,M7,M8,M9,M10,M11,M12)SELECT 1,2012,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12INSERT INTO @UnPiv(UnPivID,UnPivYear,M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,M6,M7,M8,M9,M10,M11,M12)SELECT 2,2010,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
SELECT UnPivID,UnPivYear,REPLACE(col,'M','') UnPivMonth,dbo.c1bs_DateFromParts(UnPivYear,REPLACE(col,'M',''),1) UnPivDate,DateFromParts(UnPivYear,REPLACE(col,'M',''),1) UnPivDateFrom2012,valFROM @UnPivUNPIVOT (Val FOR col IN (M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,M6,M7,M8,M9,M10,M11,M12)) unpiv摆脱案例的情况
这应该返回如下的数据集。
Results
| UnPivID | UnPivYear | UnPivMonth | UnPivDate | UnPivDate2012 | val |
| 1 | 2010 | 1 | 01/01/2010 | 01/01/2010 | 1 |
| 1 | 2010 | 2 | 01/02/2010 | 01/02/2010 | 2 |
| 1 | 2010 | 3 | 01/03/2010 | 01/03/2010 | 3 |
| 1 | 2010 | 4 | 01/04/2010 | 01/04/2010 | 4 |
| 1 | 2010 | 5 | 01/05/2010 | 01/05/2010 | 5 |
| 1 | 2010 | 6 | 01/06/2010 | 01/06/2010 | 6 |
| 1 | 2010 | 7 | 01/07/2010 | 01/07/2010 | 7 |
| 1 | 2010 | 8 | 01/08/2010 | 01/08/2010 | 8 |
| 1 | 2010 | 9 | 01/09/2010 | 01/09/2010 | 9 |
| 1 | 2010 | 10 | 01/10/2010 | 01/10/2010 | 10 |
| 1 | 2010 | 11 | 01/11/2010 | 01/11/2010 | 11 |
| 1 | 2010 | 12 | 01/12/2010 | 01/12/2010 | 12 |
| 1 | 2011 | 1 | 01/01/2011 | 01/01/2011 | 1 |
| 1 | 2011 | 2 | 01/02/2011 | 01/02/2011 | 2 |
| 1 | 2011 | 3 | 01/03/2011 | 01/03/2011 | 3 |
| 1 | 2011 | 4 | 01/04/2011 | 01/04/2011 | 4 |
| 1 | 2011 | 5 | 01/05/2011 | 01/05/2011 | 5 |
| 1 | 2011 | 6 | 01/06/2011 | 01/06/2011 | 6 |
| 1 | 2011 | 7 | 01/07/2011 | 01/07/2011 | 7 |
| 1 | 2011 | 8 | 01/08/2011 | 01/08/2011 | 8 |
| 1 | 2011 | 9 | 01/09/2011 | 01/09/2011 | 9 |
| 1 | 2011 | 10 | 01/10/2011 | 01/10/2011 | 10 |
| 1 | 2011 | 11 | 01/11/2011 | 01/11/2011 | 11 |
| 1 | 2011 | 12 | 01/12/2011 | 01/12/2011 | 12 |
| 1 | 2012 | 1 | 01/01/2012 | 01/01/2012 | 1 |
| 1 | 2012 | 2 | 01/02/2012 | 01/02/2012 | 2 |
| 1 | 2012 | 3 | 01/03/2012 | 01/03/2012 | 3 |
| 1 | 2012 | 4 | 01/04/2012 | 01/04/2012 | 4 |
| 1 | 2012 | 5 | 01/05/2012 | 01/05/2012 | 5 |
| 1 | 2012 | 6 | 01/06/2012 | 01/06/2012 | 6 |
| 1 | 2012 | 7 | 01/07/2012 | 01/07/2012 | 7 |
| 1 | 2012 | 8 | 01/08/2012 | 01/08/2012 | 8 |
| 1 | 2012 | 9 | 01/09/2012 | 01/09/2012 | 9 |
| 1 | 2012 | 10 | 01/10/2012 | 01/10/2012 | 10 |
| 1 | 2012 | 11 | 01/11/2012 | 01/11/2012 | 11 |
| 1 | 2012 | 12 | 01/12/2012 | 01/12/2012 | 12 |
| 2 | 2010 | 1 | 01/01/2010 | 01/01/2010 | 1 |
| 2 | 2010 | 2 | 01/02/2010 | 01/02/2010 | 2 |
| 2 | 2010 | 3 | 01/03/2010 | 01/03/2010 | 3 |
| 2 | 2010 | 4 | 01/04/2010 | 01/04/2010 | 4 |
| 2 | 2010 | 5 | 01/05/2010 | 01/05/2010 | 5 |
| 2 | 2010 | 6 | 01/06/2010 | 01/06/2010 | 6 |
| 2 | 2010 | 7 | 01/07/2010 | 01/07/2010 | 7 |
| 2 | 2010 | 8 | 01/08/2010 | 01/08/2010 | 8 |
| 2 | 2010 | 9 | 01/09/2010 | 01/09/2010 | 9 |
| 2 | 2010 | 10 | 01/10/2010 | 01/10/2010 | 10 |
| 2 | 2010 | 11 | 01/11/2010 | 01/11/2010 | 11 |
| 2 | 2010 | 12 | 01/12/2010 | 01/12/2010 | 12 |
